Bio-Electricity Generation from Different Biomass Using Microbial Fuel Cell

As world is going towards renewable energy sources, microbial fuel cell getting attention nowadays. In microbial fuel cell biomass is utilize and give energy (electricity), and also a good option for treatment for waste water. Fuel recovery from sewage sludge is a promising energy production method, which can simultaneously address energy issue and environmental concerns associated with waste treatment [1]. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) can be used as a pretreatment method to remove dissolved organic matter (DOM) from polluted lake water and simultaneously generate electricity [2]. In Microbial fuel cell various factor is affecting on power generation effect of substrate concentration is very much important regarding anodic chamber and for power generation. If we utilize the higher percentage of substrate will effect on electricity generation, but both of them would be inhibited at high substrate concentrations [3]. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with biotic cathodes require expensive catalyst (such as Pt) or Catholyte (such as hexacynoferrate) to facilitate oxidation reactions. Study deals with the incorporated biocathodes into a three-chamber MFC to yield electricity from sewage sludge at maximum power output of 13.2 1.7mW/m2 during polarization, much higher than those previously reported. After 15 d operation, the total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) removal and Coulombic efficiency (CE) of cell reached 40.8 9.0% and 19.4-4.3%, respectively [4]. Twochambered microbial fuel cell (MFC) with potassium ferricyanide as its electron acceptor was utilized to degrade excess sewage sludge and to generate electricity. Stable electrical power was produced continuously during operation for 250h. Total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) of sludge was reduced by 46.4% when an initial TCOD was 10.850 mg/l. The MFC power output did not significantly depend on process parameters such as substrate concentration, cathode Catholyte concentration, and anodic pH [5]. Batch tests were conducted to enhancing simultaneous electricity production and reduction of sewage sludge in twochamber MFC by aerobic sludge digestion in cathode chamber and sludge pretreatments (sterilization and base pretreatment) prior to sludge addition to anode chamber, respectively. During the stable stage, the voltage outputs and power densities of MFC increased from 0.28 0.31V to 17.3 21.2mW/m2 to 0.41 0.43V and 36.8 40.1mW/m2, respectively, when aerobic sludge digestion occurred in the cathode chamber. When the sludge added to the anode chamber was sterilized or base pretreated, the voltage outputs and power densities of MFC increased from 0.30-0.32V and 19.9 22.6mW/m2 (raw sludge) to 0.34 0.36V and 25.5 28.6mW/m2 (sterilized sludge), 0.41 0.43V and 37.1 40.8mW/m2 (base pretreated sludge), respectively [6] Singlechamber air-cathode microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were used to generate electricity from fermented primary sludge. Fermentation (30° C, 9 days) decreased total suspended solids (26.1 16.5 g/L), volatile suspended solids (24.1 15.3 g/L) and pH (5.7 4.5), and increased conductivity (2.4 4.7mS/cm), soluble COD (2.66 15.5 g/L), and volatile fatty acids (1.9 10.1 g/L). To lower the COD and increase pH, fermentation supernatant was diluted with primary effluent before being used in the MFCs. The maximum power density was 0.32 ± 0.01 W/m2, compared to 0.24 ± 0.03 W/m2 with only primary effluent. Power densities were higher with phosphate buffer added to the supernatant (1.03 ± 0.06 W/ m2) or the solution (0.87 ± 0.05 W/m2) [7]. The main purpose of this research work to generate electricity from sewage sludge and other biomass that are waste water, cow manure, and carbo manure comparatively. Volume 3 Issue 5 2016